macOS Overview
File types
- .dmg - Apple Disk Image, Mountable as a drive in Finder
- .pkg - Installer Package, Used to distribute software, Runs thorugh an installer script, similar to a .exe program in Windows
- .app - Application bundle, Contains the necessary files to use the application, "View Package Contents" from the Finder
App store
- Centralized updates and patches - For both operating systems and applications
- App store applcation - The "updates" option
- Automatic updates - Or manual install
- Patch management - Install and view previous updates
Uninstallation process
- Move the '.app' file to the Trash - The .app package contains all of the application files, Quick and easy
- Some applications include a separate uninstall program - Usually included in the Application folder
Apple ID and corporate restrictions
- Personal Apple product use a personal Apple ID - Associated with personal data and digital purchases
- Companies use Managed Apple IDs using Apple Business Manager - Integrate with Active Directory, Connect with an existing MDM (Mobile Device Manager), Assign and move applications and digital content to selected users
Backups
- Time Machine - Included with macOS
- Hourly backups - The past 24 hours
- Daily backups - The past month
- Weekly backups - All previous months
- Starts deleting oldest infomation when disk is full
Anti-virus
- macOS does not include anti-virus - Or anti-malware
- Many third-party options - From the usual companies
- An emerging threat - Still does not approach Windows, It's all about the number of desktops
- Automate your signature updates - New updates every hour/day
macOS System Preferences
System Preferences
- The macOS version of the Windows Control Panel - A close comparison
- Access to most customization and personalization options - Includes important configuration utilities
- A good place to start - It is probably in here
Display
- Configure the location of multiple displays - Side by side, top to bottom
- Menu can be moved to any display - Does not have to be the primary
- Modify individual display settings - Resolution, brightness, colors
Network
- Configure network interfaces - Wired, wireless
- IPv4 and IPv6 - Manual and automatic (DHCP) ; Advanced tab
- Detailed network settings - IP, DNS, 802.1X, etc
Printers & Scanners
- Add and remove printers and scanners - Configure individual settings
- Share printers and scanners - Configure rights and permissions
- View status - Ink and toner levels, Scanning status
Privacy
- Limit application access to private data - Location services, photos, calenders, etc
- Control access to cameras and microphones - Enable on a per-app basis
- Unauthorized apps cannot view your private app - Malware, other-apps
Accessibility
- Allow apps to use system input - Keyboard, mouse, audio, video
- Scripting and automation - Requires access for input
- Limits third-party applications - Cannot take over the keyboard
Time Machine
- Automated backups - Included with macOS
- Hourly backups - The past 24 hours
- Daily backups - The past month
- Weekly backups - All previous months
- Starts deleting oldest information when disk is full
macOS Features
Mission Control and Spaces
- Quickly view everything that's running - Spread out the desktop into a viewable area, Swipe upwards with three fingers or control-up arrow
Keychain
- Password management - Passwords notes, certificates, etc
- Integrated into the OS - Keychain Access
- Passwords and Secure Notes and encrypted - Login password is the key
Spotlight
- Find files, apps, images, etc - Similar to Windows search
- Magnifying glass in upper right - Or press Command-space
- Type anything in - See what you fine
- Define search categories in System Proferences / Spotlight - Enable / disable categories
iCloud
synchronized
- Integrates Apple technologies - macOS, iOS, iPadOS
- Share across systems - Calendars, photos, documents, contacts, etc
- Backup iOS devices - Never lose data again
- Store files in an iCloud drive - Similar to Google Drive, Dropbox, Integrated into the OSs
Gestures
- The central OS file manager - Compare with File Explorer
- File management - Launch, delete, rename, etc
- Integrated access to other devices - File server, Remote storage, Screen sharing
Remote disc
- Use an optical drive from another computer - Has become more important over time, Designed for coping files, Will not work with audio CDs or Video DVDs
- Set up Sharing in System Preferences - Sharing options, Appears in the Finder
Dock
menu bar
- Fast access to apps - Quickly launch programs
- View running applications - Dot underneath the icon
- Keep folders in the dock - Easy access to files
- Move to different sides of the screen - Auto-hide or always display
Disk utility
- Manage disks and images - Resolve issues
- File system utilites - Verify and repair file systems, Modify partition details, Erase disks
- Create, convert and restore images - Manage disk images
File Vault
- Full Disk Encryption (FDE) for macOS - Decryption uses a local key or iCloud authentication
- Proper authentication is required before macOS can start - Data is unavailable to others
- Available in System Preferences - Security & Privacy > File Vault
Terminal
- Command line across to the OS - Manage the OS without a graphical interface
- OS access - Run scripts, manage files, Configure OS and application settings
Force Quit
- Stop an application from executing - Some apps are badly written
- Command > Option > Esc - List application to quit
- Hold the option key when right-clicking the app icon in the dock - Choose Force Quit
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